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チャールズ・ドレクスラー

チャールズ・ドレクスラー（Charles Frank Drechsler、1892年5月1日 – 1986年2月5日) は、アメリカ合衆国の菌学者である。45年間に渡って、アメリカ合衆国農務省で働いた。穀物の疾病や農作物と卵菌類などと関係を研究した[1][2]。

ウィスコンシン州のドイツ移民の家で生まれた。両親の農場で育てられた間はドイツ語しか話せず、英語を学んだのは学校に入ってからであった。ウィスコンシン大学マディソン校で初め工学を学ぶが、菌類学の授業に出た後、植物学に転じた。1914年に修士課程を修了すると、ハーバード大学の菌学者、ローランド・サクスター（Roland Thaxter）のもとで研究を続け、放線菌の分類学研究を行った。1917年にワシントンD.C.に移り、農務省で働き始めた。第一次世界大戦で召集されるが、退役後、農務省に戻り、1924年に病理学准研究員（associate pathologist）、1929年に病理学研究員になった。穀類の病理学の分野の後、野菜類の病理学の分野を研究し、多くの新種の菌類を記載し、多くの論文を執筆した。その業績から1966年にアメリカの植物病理学会のフェローに任じられ、1984年にアメリカ菌学会の研究功労者（istinguished Mycologist）に選ばれた。

配偶者のメアリー・フローレンス・モーシャー（Mary Florence Morscher）も農務省で働く植物学者である。農務省を退職後もメリーランド州の自宅での研究を続けた。

Drechslerは、植物の学名で命名者を示す場合にチャールズ・ドレクスラーを示すのに使われる。（命名者略記を閲覧する／IPNIでAuthor Detailsを検索する。）

著作 編集

  • 1933. Morphological diversity among fungi capturing and destroying nematodes. Washington, J. Acad. Sci. 23:138-141.
  • 1933. Morphological features of some more fungi that capture and kill nematodes. Washington, J. Acad. Sci. 23:267-270.
  • 1933. Several more fungi that prey on nematodes. Washington, J. Acad. Sci. 23:355-357.
  • 1933. Morphological features of some fungi capturing and killing amoebae.
  • 1934. Organs of capture in some fungi preying on nematodes" Mycologia 26:135-144.
  • 1934. Pedilospora dactylopaga n. sp., a fungus capturing and consuming testaceous rhizopods. Washington, L. Acad. Sci. 24:395-402.
  • 1935. Some conidial phycomycetes destructive to terricolous amoebae" Mycologia 27:6-40.
  • 1935. Some non-catenulateconidial phycomycetes preying on terricolous amoebae" Mycologia 27:176-223.
  • 1935. A new species of conidial phycomycete preying on nematodes" Mycologia 27:206-215.
  • 1935. A new mucedinaceous fungus capturing and consuming amoeba verrucosa" Mycologia 27:216-223.
  • 1936. A new species of Stylopage preying on nematodes" Mycologia 28:241-246.
  • 1936. New conidial phycomycetes destructive to terricolous amoebae" Mycologia 28:363-389.
  • 1936. A Fusarium-like species of Dactylella capturing and consuming testaceous rhizopods. Washington, J. Acad. Sci. 26:397-404.
  • 1937. New zoopagaceae destructive to soil rhizopods" Mycologia 29:229-249.
  • 1937. Some hyphomycetes that prey on free-living terricolous nematodes" Mycologia 29:447-552.
  • 1937. A species of Tridentaria preying on Difflugia constricta. Washington, J. Acad Sci 27:391-398.
  • 1938. Two Hyphomycetes parasitic on oospores of root-rotting oomycetes" Phytopathology 28:81-103.
  • 1938. New zoopagaceae capturing and consuming soil amoebae" Mycologia 31:137-157.
  • 1939. A few new zoopagaceae destructive to large soil rhizopods" Mycologia 31:128-153.
  • 1939. Five new zoopagaceae destructive to rhizopods and nematodes" Mycologia 31:388-415.
  • 1940. Three fungi destructive to free-living terricolous nematodes. Washington, J. Acad Sci 30:240-254.
  • 1940. Three new hyphomycetes preying on free-living terricolous nematodes" Mycologia 32:448-470.
  • 1941. Four phycomycetes destructive to nematodes and rhizopods" Mycologia 33:248-269.
  • 1941. Some hyphomycetes parasitic on free-living terricolous nematodes" Phytopathology 31:773-802.
  • 1941. Predaceous fungi. Biol. Rev. 16:265-290.
  • 1942. New species of Acaulopage and Cochlonema destructive to soil and amoebae" Mycologia 34:274-297.
  • 1942. Two zoophagous species of Acrostalagmus with multicellular Desmidiospora-like chlaymidiospores. Washington, J. Acad Sci 32:343-350.
  • 1943. Antagonism and parasitism among some oomycetes associated with root rot. Washington, J. Acad Sci 33:21-28
  • 1943. Another hyphomycetous fungus parasitic on Pythium oospores" Phytopathology 33:227-233.
  • 1943. A new non-helicoid bispores Helicocephalum parasitizing nematode eggs" Mycologia 35:134-141.
  • 1943. A new nematode-capturing Dactylella and several related hyphomycetes" Mycologia 35:339-362.
  • 1943. Two new hasidiomyceteous fungi parasitic on nematodes. Washington, J. Acad Sci 33:183-189.
  • 1944. Three hyphomycetes that capture nematodes in adhesive networks" Mycologia 36:138-171.
  • 1944. A species of Arhtrobotrys that captures springtails" Mycologia 36:382-2399
  • 1945. Several additional phycomycetes subsisting on nematodes and amoebae" Mycologia 37:1-31.
  • 1946. A nematode-destroying phycomycete forming immotile spores in aerial evacuation tubes. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 73:1-17.
  • 1946. A clamp-bearing fungus parasitic and predaceous on nematodes" Mycologia 38:1-23.
  • 1946. A new hyphomycete parasitic on a species of nematode" Phytopathology 36:213-217.
  • 1946. Three new Zoopagaceae subsisting on soil amoebae" Mycologia 38:120-143.
  • 1946. A species of Harsporium invading its nematode host from the stoma. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 73:557-564.
  • 1947. A nematode-strangling Dactylella with broad quadriseptate conidia" Mycologia 39:5-20.
  • 1947. Three Zoopagaceous fungi that capture and consume soil-inhabiting rhizopods" Mycologia 39:253-281.
  • 1947. Three new species of Zoopage predaceous on terricolous rhizopods" Mycologia 39:379-408.
  • 1948. Three Zoopagaceae that subsist by capturing soil amoebae" Mycologia 40:85-105.
  • 1949. A nematode-capturing fungus with anastomosing clamp-bearing hyphae" Mycologia 41:369-387.
  • 1950. Several species of Dactylella and Dactylaria that capture free-living nematodes" Mycologia 42:1-79.
  • 1950. A Dactylella with conidia resembling those of Dactylella stenobrocha in size and shape" Mycologia 42:367-373.
  • 1950. A Harposporium infecting eelworms by means of internally adhering awl-shaped conidia. Washington, J. Acad Sci 40:405-409.
  • 1951. Various zoopagaceous fungi subsisting on protozoans and eelworms" Mycologia 43:161-185.
  • 1951. An entomophthoraceous tartigrade parasite producing small conidia on propulsive cells in spicate heads. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 78:183-200.
  • 1952. Another nematode-strangulating Dactylella and some related hyphomycetes" Mycologia 44:533-556.
  • 1952. Widespread distribution of Delacroxia coronate and other saprophytic Entomophthoraceae in plant detritus" Science 115:575-576.
  • 1954. A nematode-capturing fungus with clamp-connections and curved conidia. Washington, J. Acad Sci 44:82-85.
  • 1954. Production of aerial arthrospores by Harposporium bysmatosporium. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 81:411-413.
  • 1954. Some hyphomycetes that capture eelworms in southern States" Mycologia 46:762-782.
  • 1955. Additional species of Zoopagaceae subsisting on rhizopods and eelworms" Mycologia 47:364-388.
  • 1955. A new species of Rhopalomyces occurring in Florida. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 82:473-479.
  • 1957. A nematode-capturing phycomycete forming chlamydospores terminally on lateral branches" Mycologia 49:387-391.
  • 1959. Several zoopagaceae subsisting on a nematode and on some terricolous amoebae" Mycologia 51(6):787-823.
  • 1959. Two new species of Harposporium parasitic on nematodes. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 49(4):106-112.
  • 1960. A clamp-bearing fungus using stalked adhesive young chlamydospores in capturing amoebae. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 14:246-257.
  • 1961. Two additional species of Dactylella parasitic on Pythium oospores. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 15:92-97.
  • 1961. Some clampless hyphomycetes predacious on nematodes and rhizopods. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 15:92-97.
  • 1962. A nematode-capturing phycomycete with distally adhesive branches and proximally imbedded fusiform conidia" American Journal of Botany 49(10):1089- 1095.
  • 1963. A new nematode-destroying hyphomycete of the Genus Harposporium" American Journal of Botany 50(8):839-842.
  • 1963. A slender-spored Dactylella parasitic on Pythium oospores" Phytopathology 53(9):993-994.
  • 1965. A Harposporium parasitic on rotifers. Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata. 27:285-288.
  • 1965. A Tridentaria subsisting on testaceous rhizopods and Pythium oospores. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 18:359-362.
  • 1968. A nematode-destroying species of Cephalosporiopsis. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 22:194-198.
  • 1968. A new nematode-destroying Harposporium with slender helicoid conidia. Sydowia, Annales Mycologici Ser. II 22:189-193.
  • 1968. A new nematode-destroying Harposporium. Amer. J. Bot. 55(10):1251-1253.
  • 1969. A Tulasnella parasitic on Amoebae terricola. Amer. J. Bot. 56(10):1217-1220.
  • 1975. A nematode-destroying hyphomycete forming parallel multiseptate hyaline conidia in circular arrangement. Amer. J. Bot. 62(10):1073-1077.

参考文献 編集

  1. ^ Lumsden, Robert D. (15 June 1987). “Charles Drechsler, 1892-1986”. Mycologia (New York Botanical Garden) 79 (3): 345-352. doi:10.2307/3807454. ISSN 1557-2536. JSTOR 3807454. http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3807454?uid=3739808&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21104604340747 2014年9月9日閲覧。. 
  2. ^ Lumsden, R. D. (1987). “Charles Drechsler, 1892-1986”. Phytopathology 77: 399-400. ISSN 0031-949X. http://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1987Articles/phyto77n03_399.PDF 2014年9月9日閲覧。. 
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