「自然放出」の版間の差分

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46行目:
|year=1995
|isbn=0-8493-3786-0
|url=httphttps://books.google.comco.jp/books?id=J_0ZAwf6AQ0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22spontaneous+emission%22&redir_esc=y&hl=ja#PPA6,M1}}
</ref><ref name=Scully1>
{{cite book
56行目:
|year=1997
|isbn=0-521-43595-1
|url=httphttps://books.google.comco.jp/books?id=20ISsQCKKmQC&pg=PA430&dq=atom+transition+photon&redir_esc=y&hl=ja#PPA22,M1}}
</ref>。
<!--Although there is only one electronic transition from the excited state to ground state, there are many ways in which the electromagnetic field may go from the ground state to a one-photon state. That is, the electromagnetic field has infinitely more degrees of freedom, corresponding to the different directions in which the photon can be emitted. Equivalently, one might say that the [[:en:phase_space|phase space]] offered by the electromagnetic field is infinitely larger than that offered by the atom.