「大洋艦隊」の版間の差分
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20行目:
==第一次世界大戦==
大洋艦隊の艦船数はイギリス本国艦隊に対し2対3の割合で下回っていたが、開戦後間もなく北海における戦力比は同等になった。これはドイツの意志によるものではなく、イギリスが他の多くの海域に艦船を分散したためであ
<!-- The High Seas Fleet was outnumbered three to two by the British Grand Fleet; however, during some periods in the first year of the war an equalization of forces in the North Sea was almost achieved not by Germany's will but by the British dispersal of ships to numerous other parts of the world. In the latter part of the war the ratio tipped in the British favour. The German navy was unwilling to risk a head-to-head engagement of fleets, preferring a strategy of raids into the North Sea with the aim of drawing out a section of the British fleet that could be cut off and destroyed. However, the battles at [[battle of Heligoland Bight|Heligoland Bight]] ([[28 August]] [[1914]]), [[Battle of Dogger Bank (1915)|Dogger Bank]] ([[24 January]] [[1915]]) and [[Battle of Jutland|Jutland]] ([[31 May]] [[1916]]) were inconclusive and did not change the strategic position. -->
28行目:
[[Image:Hochseeflotte 2.jpg|thumb|left|大洋艦隊の[[ドレッドノート級]][[戦艦]]]]
1918年10月、敗戦が決定的となり一般市民は飢餓に苦しむ中、[[ラインハルト・シェア]]はイギリス本国艦隊に対し決死の攻撃を行うことを決断した。攻撃計画が拒否されることが分かっていた彼は、それをドイツ[[宰相]]の[[マクシミリアン・フォン・バーデン]]公に告げなかった。しかし1918年[[10月29日]]にヴィルヘルムスハーフェンからの出撃命令が下されたとき、多くの水兵は命令を拒否したか、あるいは脱走した。計画は断念されたが、これらは[[キールの反乱]]、[[ドイツ革命]]、[[11月9日]]の帝国崩壊、および[[11月11日]]の停戦への引き金となった。
<!-- In October 1918, with the army facing defeat and the civil population starving, Scheer decided to launch a do-or-die attack on the Grand Fleet. Knowing that the attack would be vetoed, he neglected to inform the government of Prince [[Prince Maximilian of Baden|Max von Baden]]. But when orders were given to sail from [[Wilhelmshaven mutiny|Wilhelmshaven]] on [[29 October]] [[1918]], many sailors either refused to obey them or deserted. The plan was abandoned, but these events led to the [[German Revolution|Kiel Mutiny]], to revolution in Germany, the fall of the Imperial government on [[9 November]] and the [[Armistice with Germany (Compiègne)|Armistice]] on [[11 November]] [[1918]]. -->
39行目:
<blockquote>[[Alfred von Tirpitz|Admiral von Tirpitz's]] High Seas Fleet had proven to be a gigantic miscalculation; a product of vanity, conceit, and fuzzy military thinking. It proved useless as a means of exerting political pressure; instead of forcing Britain closer to Germany it drove them closer to [[France]]. When the war came, it was unfit as a military instrument.</blockquote> -->
付け加えるとするならば、大洋艦隊は結果的にそれを創設した政治体制を転覆させる最後の道具として使用されたということである。
<!-- It can be added that the final attempt to use it as a military instrument resulted in the overthrow of the political system that built it. -->
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