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'''EtherNet/IP''' (Ethernet Industrial Protocol) is a communications protocol developed by [[Rockwell Automation]], managed by [[Open DeviceNet Vendors Association|ODVA]] and designed for use in process control and other industrial [[automation]] applications. EtherNet/IP is an application layer protocol and it considers all the devices on the network as a series of "objects". EtherNet/IP is built on the widely used ([[Common Industrial Protocol|CIP]]), which makes seamless access to objects from controlNet and DeviceNet networks.
'''EtherNet/IP''' makes use of existing network infrastructure (Ethernet) and the entire EtherNet/IP stack can be implemented in software on a microprocessor. No special hardware such as ([[Application-specific integrated circuit]]s) or ([[Field Programmable Gate Array]]s) are required for implementing EtherNet/IP.
'''EtherNet/IP''' is built on the standard TCP/IP stack, and makes use of all 7 layers of OSI reference model. Since EtherNet/IP makes use of Ethernet for physical layer, it becomes easier to tightly couple Enterprise Servers with the device data (sensors, actuators, drives, valves etc...).
As the technology for improving Ethernet physical layer progresses, EtherNet/IP will benefit indirectly. So, as the Ethernet physical layer technology advances from 10/100 Mbit/s to 1 Gbit/s, EtherNet/IP data transfers also get faster.
EtherNet/IP can be used in automation networks which can tolerate some amount of non-determinism. This is because Ethernet physical media, by definition, is not deterministic.
'''EtherNet/IP''' can be easily confused as a combination of [[Ethernet]] (the physical layer, link, or medium used in most office and many industrial networking environments) and the [[Internet Protocol]], the world's most ubiquitous (internet) networking protocol and part of the [[TCP/IP model]], comprising a suite of protocols operating at the link, internet (or networking), transport, and application layers.
By comparison, '''EtherNet/IP''' is an industrial application layer protocol operating over the Ethernet medium and used for communication between industrial control systems and their components, such as a [[programmable automation controller]], [[programmable logic controller]] or an [[I/O]] system. Furthermore, the "IP" in EtherNet/IP, is not an abbreviation for "Internet Protocol" but instead stands for "Industrial Protocol", referring to Rockwell's adoption of Common Industrial Protocol ([[Common Industrial Protocol]]) standards as EtherNet/IP was developed.
Confusing matters further is the fact that when using the [[OSI Reference Model]], EtherNet/IP, at the application layer, operates over both Ethernet (at the physical layer) and IP (at the network layer) and thus complements each of these technologies.
== History ==
EtherNet/IP was developed in the late 1990s by Rockwell Automation as part of Rockwell's industrial Ethernet networking solutions. With little or no input taken from other ODVA members, Rockwell gave EtherNet/IP its moniker and handed it over to ODVA, which now manages the protocol and assures multi-vendor system interoperability by requiring adherence to established standards whenever new products that utilize the protocol are developed.
Today, EtherNet/IP is most commonly used in industrial automation settings (e.g., water processing plants, manufacturing facilities, utilities) in the US and Asia for communication to and from Rockwell Automation's [[Allen-Bradley]]-brand control systems. However, other industrial automation and control system vendors, including [[Phoenix Contact]], [[Opto 22]] and [http://www.wago.us/products/337.htm WAGO Corporation], have developed programmable automation controllers and I/O capable of communicating via EtherNet/IP.
Schneider-Electric developed an EtherNet/IP cards for PLC Quantum, Premium and M340 on the Unity Platform.
== Technical Details ==
EtherNet/IP classifies Ethernet nodes as predefined device types with specific behaviors. Among other things, this enables:
* Transfer of basic I/O data via [[User Datagram Protocol|UDP]]-based implicit messaging
* Uploading and downloading of parameters, setpoints, programs and recipes via [[Transmission Control Protocol|TCP]] (i.e., explicit messaging.)
* Polled, cyclic and change-of-state monitoring via UDP, such as RPI and COS in Allen Bradley's ControlLogix control systems.
* One-to-one (unicast), one-to-many (multicast), and one-to-all (broadcast) communication via TCP.
*EtherNet/IP makes use of well known TCP port number 44818 for explicit messaging and UDP port number 2222 for implicit messaging
The EtherNet/IP application layer protocol is based on the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) standard used in DeviceNet, CompoNet and ControlNet.
As EtherNet/IP is now an open technology, it was suggested to publish the Level 2 source codes via [[sourceforge.net]]. However, in lieu of this, freeware source code was available to be downloaded from ODVA's website. At this point in time the ODVA requires that users be registered which means that a vendor ID is required and the code and the standard can no longer be considered free.
==See also==
* [[Fieldbus]]
* [[Industrial Ethernet]]
==References==
[http://www.odva.org ODVA]<br />
[http://www.odva.org/default.aspx?tabid=67 ODVA EtherNet/IP page]<br />
[http://www.hms.se/technologies/ethernetip.shtml HMS EtherNet/IP page]<br />
[http://www.phoenixcontact.com/eip Phoenix Contact EtherNet/IP page]<br />
[http://www.odva.org/Portals/0/Library/Publications_Numbered/PUB00213R0_EtherNetIP_Developers_Guide.pdf EtherNet/IP developers guide from ODVA]<br />
[http://www.prosoft-technology.com/training/whitepapers/Applying%20Wireless%20to%20Ethernet%20IP%20Systems.pdf Applying Wireless to EtherNet/IP Systems]
==External links==
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/opener/ OpENer: Open Source EtherNet/IP Stack for I/O Adapter Devices]
* [http://freshmeat.net/projects/cell/ CELL--CIP/Ethernet Library for Linux (commercial)]
{{List of Automation Protocols}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ethernet/Ip}}
[[Category:Industrial Ethernet]]
[[Category:Serial buses]]
[[de:EtherNet/IP]]
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