「アイン・ガザルの像」の版間の差分

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{{Infobox artifact|name=アイン・ガザルの像|image=20100923 amman37.JPG|caption=|material=漆喰とアシ|size=|created=紀元前6500年<ref name="date">{{cite book|first1=Fred S.|last1=Kleiner|last2=Mamiya|first2=Christin J.|year=2006|title=Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective: Volume 1|edition=Twelfth|publisher=Wadsworth Publishing|location=[[Belmont, California]]|isbn=0-495-00479-0|pages=25}} "ca. 6250&nbsp;6250 BCE".</ref> - 紀元前7200年<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gmm4BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA436|title=Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials|accessdate=5 July 2016|date=17 April 2014|page=436|author=Besim Ben-Nissan|publisher=Springer Science & Business}}</ref>|discovered_date=1983|discovered_coords={{coord|31.988|N| 35.976|E| |display=inline,title}}|discovered_place=ヨルダン、アンマン|discovered_by=|location=ヨルダン新国立博物館}}'''アイン・ガザルの'''('Ain Ghazal Statues)は、[[ヨルダン]]のアイン・ガザル遺跡で発見された、[[石膏]]とアシでつくられた像のことであり、[[先土器新石器時代B期]]と呼ばれる時代のものである。1983年と1985年の発掘調査で、あわせて15の全身像と15の胸像が、200年ほど時代の離れた2つの地下蔵から発見された<ref>{{cite book|last=McCarter|first=Susan|title=Neolithic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dKDfRMNpsmYC&pg=PA161|date=12 November 2012|accessdate=20 June 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134220397|pages=161–163}} G. O. Rollefson in: Ian Kuijt (ed.), ''Life in Neolithic Farming Communities: Social Organization, Identity, and Differentiation'', Springer (2006), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=2D8OBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA153#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 153].</ref>。
 
時代が紀元前7000年半ばから8000年半ばまで遡るため<ref name="date">{{cite book|first1=Fred S.|last1=Kleiner|last2=Mamiya|first2=Christin J.|year=2006|title=Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective: Volume 1|edition=Twelfth|publisher=Wadsworth Publishing|location=[[Belmont, California]]|isbn=0-495-00479-0|pages=25}} "ca. 6250&nbsp;6250 BCE".</ref>、人間の姿を実際に近い大きさで表現した最初期の例であるとともに、先土器新石器時代B期以降でも傑出した先史美術の作品の一つと考えられている<ref name="aingazal">{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/l/lime_plaster_statues.aspx|title=Lime Plaster statues|accessdate=21 September 2015|work=British Museum|publisher=Trustees of the British Museum|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018143147/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/l/lime_plaster_statues.aspx|archivedate=18 October 2015}} The tallest of the Ayn Ghazal statues reach about 1&nbsp;m in height, and they are assumed to have been free-standing, anchored in the ground (although they could not stand up unsupported). [[Paleolithic art|Upper Paleolithic]] [[Venus figurine|figurines]] tend to be smaller than 20&nbsp;cm in height. Taller representations of the human form from the Paleolithic era, such as the [[Venus of Laussel]], are in bas-relief or painted.</ref>。